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Heller Gun-rights Case Goes Better Than Expected
Guest Column | By Alan Korwin | March 24, 2008
When Justice Kennedy flat out said last week that he believes in an individual right
under the Second Amendment, there were no gasps in the hush of the High
Court.
The bottom line is, I think we're going to be okay.
When Justice Kennedy flat out said last week that he believes in an
individual right under the Second Amendment, there were no gasps in
the hush of the High Court, but you could tell the greatest stellar
array of gun-rights experts ever assembled, all there in that one room,
breathed a sigh of relief—we had five votes to affirm the human and
civil right to arms.
The transcript will be a key for analysis going forward until June,
when the decision is expected, and I'm working without the benefit of
that at the moment. Digesting the fleeting and immensely complex speech
that took place for one hour and thirty-eight minutes a few days ago,
it's hard to see how any line of thought could be strung together to
support the idea that the D.C. total ban on operable firearms at home
can be seen as reasonable regulation, even though Mr. Dellinger, the
city's attorney, tried to suggest it was. He was shot down on this repeatedly, found
no quarter from any of the Justices, though several found room to move
on what amounts to reasonable restrictions.
And it is easy to see, from the non-stop rapid-fire comments and questions
of eight of the Justices (Thomas asked nothing, extending his legendary
running silence), how even the most permissive standard of review imaginable
for gun-ban laws, could tolerate the District's level of intolerance
toward some sort of right to keep and bear arms.
That would give the pro-rights side what it so sorely wants—an admission
that the Second Amendment protects something for “the people,” and the
rest of that pie can be baked later.
Dellinger tried to suggest that rifles, shotguns and handguns had different
usefulness, actually implying rifles are better for self defense in an
urban home, because handguns were so inherently bad or dangerous that
cities had a legitimate interest in banning them. But the Court wasn't
buying it, noting that D.C.'s ban banned everything.
Packed into that short rabidly intense section, the Justices examined:
* Original intent, and actions and writings of the colonies at the time
of adoption;
* The meanings of the words, though not to the extent some people had
anticipated;
* Separability of the terms keep and bear, whether they represented
one right or two, how one could exist without the other, if they had
civilian meanings or military ones, if you are “bearing” arms to
go hunting and more;
* The scope of the right covered, and whether personal or military protections
stood alone, dependent or had preference over each other;
* The “operative” and preamble clauses, and their relationship,
meaningfulness, and interactivity with each other;
* The types of weapons that might be covered by the term “arms,”
accepting the idea that some weapons fall outside a sense of militia
arms, like “plastic guns” (that’s what they were called) that could
escape airport metal detection, or “rocket launchers” (actually a
commonly used modern militia arm in some countries experiencing insurgencies,
a point that did not come up), and especially machine guns, a repeated
point which the Justices did not resolve, especially since it has become
the standard issue firearm for our modern armed forces and confused the
Miller doctrine of commonly used arms;
* The rise and meaning of strict scrutiny, a doctrine that evolved around
the First Amendment and had no actual root in the Constitution, and whose
actual definition was fluid and with little consensus.
Scalia asked if permissible limits could restrict you to one gun, or
only a few guns, or if a collector couldn't complete a set like a stamp
collector because of a quantity restriction, and then launched into
a demonstration of his familiarity with firearms by suggesting a need
to have a turkey gun, and a duck gun, and a thirty-ought-six, and a
.270, which sent Thomas into a fit of off-mic laughter that other observers
missed because they were focused on Scalia;
Noting that Massachusetts in colonial times regulated the storage of
gunpowder (it had to be kept upstairs as a fire precaution), Breyer
asked if there isn't a lineage to permissible restrictions, and the Court generally
agreed. The point of contention, and it would not go
away, was where that line was drawn, and again and again the D.C. absolute
ban was found violative in its absoluteness. The decision to test the protection
of 2A against this law in particular was a brilliant stratagem.
Dellinger either deliberately misled the Court, or didn't understand
the D.C. ban law (as hard to believe as that is, and it could come back
to bite him), because, in trying to make it appear less odious than
it was, he:
* Suggested D.C. would carve out an exception for an operable gun if
it were used in self defense—which the law flatly does not abide (and
a point thoroughly undercut by Heller’s attorney Alan Gura, who pointed
out the District had such an opportunity twice and did not do so, and
in fact did the opposite);
* For use in self defense, a gun could be easily and quickly unlocked
and brought to bear, a point undercut by Chief Justice Roberts who had
to fight to get an admission that the gun had to be reloaded as well,
since the D.C. law banned loaded and unlocked arms;
* That lead to a wonderful exchange in which Dellinger said a gun can
be simply unlocked quickly—he actually said he could do it in three
seconds, after demonstrating a poor understanding of how a lock (available
at a “hardware store” nearby) fits on a gun with or without “bullets”
in it;
* That lead to Scalia asking about turning a dial to find “3” and
then turning it the other way to find the next number;
* To which Roberts noted that, don't you first have to turn on the light
having heard the sound of breaking glass, and then find your reading
glasses—which got the biggest audience laugh of the day (there were
only a few other soft chuckles during the proceedings);...
Guests of the Court were ushered into the ground floor early on, milling
around (line waiters including my friend Bob were prepped on the white
marble steps outside). It was a who’s who inside and non-stop on-your-toes
meet and greet. John Snyder, lobbyist for CCRKBA/SAF, had read my blog
entry from the previous night, and introduced me to the companion on
his lobby bench, Dick Heller, of the Heller case.
A nice mild mannered guy, “I just want to be able to keep my guns.”
He said when they started this in 1994, they had no idea what they were
getting into, and in 1997 they began entertaining the idea that it could
go all the way and started raising funds. Now it had taken on a life
of its own and barely involved him. The night before the proceedings
he walked the wait-to-get-in line and passed out cough drops. No one
knew who he was.
He sat just behind me in the Courtroom. I lucked into the second row.
Directly in front of me was Mayor Fenty, and I sat in the bright reflected
light of his pate. He turned, and in typical smiling-politician fashion
extended his hand, shook mine, and said warmly, “It’s nice to see you”
as if we knew each other. Well at least, I knew
him. One seat to my right was Ann Dellinger, the city’s lawyer’s
wife, who turned out to be fascinating and a wealth of information.
In a few moments, the mayor relinquished his seat to the D.C. Chief of
Police, but she didn’t turn and say hi. Heady stuff. Everybody was
a somebody.
Familiar faces were strewn about—there was David Hardy, who has written
extensively about the Branch Davidians and Waco; and Bob Dowlut, the
National Rifle Association general counsel, had a front row seat. Stephen
Halbrook, one of my co-authors on Supreme Court Gun Cases had
an early spot on the Supreme Court bar-members line, and my other co-author,
Dave Kopel, who previously told me he would not be attending, turned
out to be a last-minute addition to the Respondent’s table at the head
of the Courtroom. People who I think were on a better “tier” than
I, like Joe Olson,
Clayton Cramer and others, didn’t luck into a seat, and listened to
disembodied voices from the lawyers lounge outside the Courtroom.
Three calls for “sshhh” from a clerk at the front instantly dropped
the growing anticipatory cacophony to silence which then ramped up gently
until the next hiss for quiet. Three minutes to go and a call for silence
left everyone with their own thoughts until a tone sounded, the aides
signaled us to rise, God Bless This Court was spoken, and we were underway.
By a stroke of luck, Justice Thomas was assigned the reading of a decision
of a prior case, and we got to hear his baritone voice, which often remains
mute throughout. New members of the Supreme Court bar were sworn in,
and Justice Roberts asked Mr. Dellinger to begin, which he did promptly.
Alan Korwin is the Co-Author of Supreme Court Gun Case.
Guest columns do not necessarily reflect the views of Accuracy in Media or its staff.
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